Electricity is an energy source that uses electrical energy as power. Discovered in the 1870s, the discovery and application of electricity sparked the second wave of industrialization. It has become one of the three technological revolutions that have occurred in the world since the 18th century in human history. Since then, technology has changed people's lives. The large-scale power system that emerged in the 20th century is one of the most significant achievements in the history of human engineering science. It is a power production and consumption system composed of links such as power generation, transmission, transformation, distribution and consumption. It converts the primary energy in nature into electricity through mechanical energy devices, and then supplies the electricity to various users through transmission, transformation and distribution.

On February 28, 2025, the National Bureau of Statistics released the "Statistical Bulletin on the National Economic and Social Development of the People's Republic of China in 2024", which showed that by the end of 2024, the national installed power generation capacity was 3,348.62 million kilowatts, an increase of 14.6% compared with the end of the previous year. Among them [27], the installed capacity of thermal power was 1,444.45 million kilowatts, increasing by 3.8%. The installed capacity of hydropower was 435.95 million kilowatts, increasing by 3.2%. The installed capacity of nuclear power was 60.83 million kilowatts, increasing by 6.9%. The installed capacity of grid-connected wind power was 520.68 million kilowatts, increasing by 18.0%. The installed capacity of grid-connected solar power generation was 886.66 million kilowatts, increasing by 45.2%.